What Are the Symptoms of Vitiligo?
The hallmark sign of vitiligo is the development of flat, white patches of skin that gradually enlarge over time. Other signs may include:
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Patchy loss of skin colour, usually first noticed on sun-exposed areas
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Premature greying or whitening of scalp hair, eyebrows, eyelashes, or beard
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Loss of colour inside the mouth or nose
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Symmetrical or segmental pattern of pigment loss
Vitiligo may begin as small pale or pink areas that are mistaken for sun damage or eczema. Over time, these patches may become more depigmented and expand in size or number.
What Causes Vitiligo?
Vitiligo is classified as an autoimmune skin disorder. The immune system mistakenly attacks melanocytes, leading to the gradual loss of melanin in affected areas. While the exact cause is unknown, several contributing factors have been identified:
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Genetic predisposition – A family history of vitiligo or autoimmune conditions increases risk
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Environmental triggers – Such as skin trauma, sunburn, or chemical exposure
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Associated autoimmune conditions – Including thyroid disease, alopecia areata, or type 1 diabetes
Vitiligo can develop at any age, but it most commonly appears between the ages of 10 and 30. Once it starts, it can either remain stable or progress gradually over time.
How Is Vitiligo Diagnosed?
Vitiligo is usually diagnosed clinically during a consultation with a dermatologist. At Shine Dermatology, we perform:
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Detailed skin examination using visible and UV light (Wood’s lamp)
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Review of medical and family history to identify potential autoimmune links
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Biopsy (in rare cases) to rule out other causes of depigmentation
Early diagnosis is important to assess the extent and activity of the condition, and to initiate timely treatment that may improve chances of repigmentation.
Vitiligo Treatment Options at Shine Dermatology
There is currently no cure for vitiligo, but various treatment options can help restore pigmentation and improve the appearance of affected skin. The choice of treatment depends on the extent, location, and activity of the disease.
1. Topical Therapy
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Topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and immune activity
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Calcineurin inhibitors (e.g. tacrolimus) for sensitive areas such as the face and neck
These may be used alone or in combination with other treatments.
2. Light-Based Treatments
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Narrowband UVB phototherapy (NB-UVB) is a common and effective treatment for widespread vitiligo. It stimulates melanocyte activity and promotes repigmentation with regular sessions.
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Excimer laser therapy targets smaller patches of vitiligo with controlled doses of UVB light for more precise treatment.
3. Combination Therapy
Patients often respond better to a combination of topical and light-based therapies, particularly in early or active vitiligo. Early intervention improves the chance of successful repigmentation.
4. Camouflage and Cosmetic Options
For some patients, skin camouflage products or medical-grade micropigmentation can help conceal patches and boost confidence, especially when treatment response is limited.
Why Early Treatment Matters
Vitiligo that is treated early—before patches expand or stabilise—has a higher chance of partial or full repigmentation. Delayed treatment may lead to permanent pigment loss, especially in areas with hairless skin.
If you notice white patches on your skin that persist or expand, it’s important to consult a trained dermatologist. Early evaluation allows for prompt diagnosis, monitoring, and a tailored treatment plan.
Our Expertise in Pigmentary Skin Conditions
At Shine Dermatology, our team includes UK-trained dermatologists with extensive experience in the diagnosis and management of pigmentary disorders, including vitiligo. With specialised training in both medical and aesthetic dermatology, we offer patients in Singapore a comprehensive and personalised approach to vitiligo care—rooted in science and delivered with compassion.
Book a Consultation
If you or your child is experiencing unexplained white patches on the skin, don’t wait for symptoms to progress. Early assessment by a dermatologist can make a meaningful difference in managing vitiligo.
Contact Shine Dermatology today to schedule your consultation.
